Evidence and inquiry

Research that moves glaucoma care forward.

Sharing knowledge, supporting inquiry and connecting evidence to the realities of care in Nigeria.

Our research focus

Locally relevant evidence for better decisions.

Research helps us understand who is affected, where gaps remain and how diagnosis, treatment and follow-up can improve. GSN provides a platform for members to exchange findings and encourage rigorous, ethical work.

Research discussion among glaucoma professionals

Publications and projects

From the GSN community.

14 Nov 2024 · Chang-Wolf, J. M., Kinzy, T. G., Driessen, S. J., Cruz, L. A., Iyengar, S. K., Peachey, N. S., …Olusola Olawoye…… Genetics in Glaucoma Patients of African Descent (GIGA) Study Group. Genetics of Glaucoma in People of African Descent (GGLAD) Study Gr

Performance of Polygenic Risk Scores for Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma in Populations of African Descent. JAMA Ophthalmol

Importance: Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) polygenic risk scores (PRSs) continue to be evaluated in primarily European-ancestry populations despite higher prevalence…

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15 Aug 2024 · TF Sarimiye, O Olawoye, C Bekibele, A Ashaye

Distribution of Intraocular Pressure in Indigenous Black Africans and Related Risk Factors: A Population-Based Study in Southwest Nigeria

Background: Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is a major risk factor for glaucoma and is presently the only modifiable risk factor. Even in a healthy population, IOP d…

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16 Jul 2024 · Obasuyi OC, Yeye-Agba OO, Ofuadarho OJ

Factors limiting glaucoma care among glaucoma patients in Nigeria: A scoping review

Glaucoma currently accounts for 11% of irreversible visual loss worldwide. Due to many factors, patients do not access the glaucoma care pathway and present late with po…

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12 Jun 2024 · O Olawoye, T Sarimiye, J Washaya, GW Gessesse, K Balo, J Agre,

Patients’ acceptance of glaucoma therapy in sub-Saharan Africa.

Purpose: To determine the frequency at which patients newly diagnosed with glaucoma in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) decline recommended therapy and to characterize the reaso…

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5 Jun 2024 · Arinze Anthony Onwuegbuna, Eze U, Apakama AI, AkujuobiChianakwalam E, Ezeude CM, Ochiogu BC, et al.

Engaging Faith Based Leaders in the Fight against Glaucoma Related Blindness.

Purpose: To determine the role of faith leaders towards reducing glaucoma blindness in Africa.\r\n\r\nMethodology: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study conducte…

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8 May 2024 · Abdulsalam, Shuaib……..Olawoye OO…..

West African College of Surgeons Basic Ophthalmology Resource: Development and Initial Evaluation. Medical Research Archives, [S.l.], v. 12, n. 5, May 2024. ISSN 2375-1924.

Purpose: To describe the process of development of the West African College of Surgeons (WACS) Basic Ophthalmology Educational Resource and to report the feedback from t…

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16 Apr 2024 · Obajolowo TS, Yusuf IA, Adeoti SG, Owoeye JFA, Taiwo MA, Olatunji FO

The Value of Targeted Screening for Glaucoma: The University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital Experience.

Background: Glaucoma is an irreversible silent and dangerous eye condition that leads to damage of the optic nerve head. This study aimed to determine the outcome of tar…

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6 Feb 2024 · Ugalahi M, Sarimiye TF, Obajolowo T, Nkanga ED, Abdulrahman A, Olusanya B, et al

Management of primary childhood glaucoma: Evaluation of practice, practice gaps, and needs in a low-resource country.

Purpose: To evaluate the current practice, equipment availability, and training needs for managing childhood glaucoma in Nigeria.\r\n\r\nMaterials and Methods: An online…

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18 Jan 2024 · Verma SS, Gudiseva HV, Chavali VRM,… Olawoye OO, Ramsay M, Ashaye A, …..

A multi-cohort genome-wide association study in African ancestry individuals reveals risk loci for primary open-angle glaucoma. Cell. 2024 Jan 18;187(2):464-480.e10.

Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, disproportionately affects individuals of African ancestry. We conducted a gen…

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23 Nov 2023 · Olawoye O, Salami KK, Azeez A, Adebola P, Sarimiye T, Imaledo J, Realini T, Hauser MA, Ashaye A.

The social construction of genomics and genetic analysis in ocular diseases in Ibadan, South-western Nigeria.

Genomics, an emerging field to improve public health practice, has potential benefits to understanding ocular diseases. This study explored the social construction of ge…

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8 Nov 2023 · AC Okudo, AS Kalambe, S Zubair, U Nwachukwu, N Adeleye, NN Ezuma, et al.

Comparing awareness of glaucoma before and after a campaign on glaucoma amongst staff of a District Hospital in Abuja

Aim: To determine the proportion of staff that are aware of glaucoma following a campaign on glaucoma awareness.\r\n\r\nMethodology: The study was a Knowledge, Attitude…

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24 Oct 2023 · T Sarimiye, N Ijaiya-Olatoke, Y Babalola, O Majekodunmi, M Ijaduola,

Management of Secondary Glaucoma Postscleral Buckle Surgery: A Tertiary Hospital Experience in Southwest Nigeria.

Purpose: To evaluate the rate of postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation and its management in patients who have undergone scleral buckle surgery as a primary…

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18 Oct 2023 · Monye HI, Olawoye OO, Ugalahi MO, Oluleye TS. J

Nigerian parents\' perspectives on genetic testing in their children with genetic eye diseases.

Abstract\r\n\r\nThe decision for genetic testing in children is usually taken by their parents or caregivers, and may be influenced by sociocultural and ethical concerns…

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21 Sep 2023 · Nnubia, C. A., Nwosu, S. N. N., Okpala, N. E., Apakama, A. I., Orji, I. J., Uba-Obiano, C. U., et al.

Multiple medications and quality of life of Nigerians with primary open angle glaucoma.

Purpose: To determine the impact of multiple medications on the quality of life of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) patients on medical treatment at Guinness Eye Centr…

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5 Sep 2023 · Okudo AC, Babalola OE, Onakoya A, Ogunro AT

Correlation between Health-Related Quality Of Life Scores and Measures of Visual Function in an Abuja Cohort of Primary Open Angle Glaucoma Patients.

Background: This study aims to correlate quality of life measures with visual function parameters and to determine the visual function parameters that independently affe…

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23 Aug 2023 · Uche NJ, Kizor-Akaraiwe NN, Okeke S, Shiweobi J.

Profile of central corneal thickness in an adult non-glaucomatous population in Enugu, Southeast Nigeria.

Purpose: To determine the mean central corneal thickness (CCT) of healthy adult Nigerians from the Igbo ethnic population in southeastern Nigeria which has the highest p…

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8 Aug 2023 · TF Sarimiye, S Adebusoye.

Glaucomatocyclitic crisis in a Nigerian child: a case report

Background: Glaucomatocyclitic crisis is a condition that elicits significant elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) with minimal non-granulomatous anterior uveitis. It is…

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14 Jul 2023 · Uche NJ, Okoye O, Kizor-Akaraiwe N, Chuka-Okosa C, Uche EO

Determinants of participation in glaucoma genomic research in Southeast Nigeria: A cross-sectional analytical study

Background: Genomic research advances the understanding of human health and disease. It also drives both the discovery of salient genetic association(s) as well as targe…

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6 Jul 2023 · Monye HI, Olawoye OO, Ugalahi MO, Oluleye TS, Ashaye AO. Pan Afr Med J

Burden and clinical profile of genetic eye diseases in children in Nigeria: a descriptive cross-sectional study

Introduction: ophthalmic genetics is rapidly evolving globally but is still nascent in much of sub-Saharan Africa, with gaps in knowledge about the burden in the region.…

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14 Jun 2023 · Obajolowo, Tokunbo Sarah; Ibrahim, Yusuf Abiodun; Aderounmu, Azeezzat Bola; Adeoti, Sodiq Gbolahon; Olatunji, Fatai Olasunkanmi.

Impact of Covid-19 on clinical care among patients attending the Glaucoma clinic of University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital

Background: The outbreak of this novel disease brought about many challenges in non-COVID-19 patient care, including difficulty accessing eye care services, especially i…

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14 Jun 2023 · AC Okudo, OE Babalola, A Onakoya, AO Ogunro, AS Kalambe.

Sociodemographic characteristics of glaucoma patients in Abuja (a case control study)

Aim: The study aims to describe the sociodemographic characteristics of glaucoma patient, in order to understand the impact of glaucoma on the patients’ sociodemograph…

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12 Jun 2023 · Echieh CI, Mercieca K, Eze UA, Weber C, Akinyemi A, Ibanga AA, Echieh CP.

A Survey on Patients\' Opinions of Alternative Drug Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Glaucoma in South-South Nigeria

Purpose: Despite the human ocular surface being easily accessible, ocular drug delivery can be challenging. When applied improperly, topical medications, the most popula…

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16 May 2023 · Okudo AC, Babalola OE.

Comparing Central Corneal Thickness Using Ultrasound and Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography Pachymetry in Adults Attending A Private Eye Clinic in Abuja.

Background: Central Corneal Thickness (CCT) measurement is useful in the management of glaucoma, ocular hypertension, corneal lesions and kerato-refractive surgeries. Th…

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9 May 2023 · Aderounmu AB, Ademola-Popoola DS, Olatunji FO, Yusuf IA. J Glaucoma.

Twenty-Four-Hour Intraocular Pressure Pattern In Glaucoma Suspects in an African Population.

Prcis: Twenty-four-hour intraocular pressure measurement (Phasing) among glaucoma suspects showed higher intraocular pressure (IOP), greater fluctuation, and more varyin…

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5 Apr 2023 · Olawoye OO, Ha TH, Pham N, Nguyen L, Cherwek DH, Fowobaje KR, et al.

Impact of a short online course on the accuracy of non-ophthalmic diabetic retinopathy graders in recognising glaucomatous optic nerves in Vietnam

Purpose: To test an online training course for non-ophthalmic diabetic retinopathy (DR) graders for recognition of glaucomatous optic nerves in Vietnam.\r\n\r\nMethods:…

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14 Mar 2023 · Oluwaniyi AT, Olawoye O, Sarimiye TF, Ajayi BGK. J West

Comparison of Ocular Biometry in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma and Non-glaucoma in South West Nigeria.

Background: Glaucoma is a public health problem in Nigeria. The number of individuals affected by glaucoma in Nigeria is much higher than the individuals known to have t…

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10 Mar 2023 · Olawoye O, Washaya J, Gessesse GW, Balo K, Agre J, Macheka B, et al. J Glaucoma.

Glaucoma Treatment Patterns in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Précis: Physicians were most likely to recommend primary medical therapy upon diagnosis of glaucoma. Laser therapy was underutilized where they were available. Physicia…

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8 Mar 2023 · Olawoye O, Kizor-Akaraiwe N, Pons J, Sarimiye T, Washaya J, Hughes S, et al. J Glaucoma.

Clinical Characteristics and Stage at Presentation of Glaucoma Patients in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Prcis: The initial presentation of glaucoma varies meaningfully across SSA. A comprehensive strategy with regional customization based on local differences is needed to…

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15 Feb 2023 · Gbadegesin TM, Olawoye O, Sarimiye TF, Idowu OO, Ajayi BGK.

Amsler Grid Versus 10-2 Test in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma

Background: Glaucoma is the leading cause of global irreversible blindness. The goal of management in glaucoma lies in its early detection and treatment to prevent furth…

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3 Jan 2023 · Obasuyi OC, Osuji UE, Ifijen CO, Imafidon MA, Ovienria WA, Eguaojie IE, et al. Cureus.

Optical Coherence Tomography Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer and Ganglion Cell Complex Measurements in Normal Southern Nigerian Eyes.

Introduction: Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. It is more severe in people with African heritage, and intraocular pressure remains the…

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